Key facts
- India exported US$782 million of solar pv modules/cells in FY2024-25 (pv-magazine-india.com).
- Largest destinations by value: USA ~97% (756.08 of 782)
- 1 production cluster mapped, in Gujarat (~45-47% of module capacity); Rajasthan; Tamil Nadu; Telangana; Karnataka.
- Market guides for 23 countries, each with destination requirements and transit times.
- Certifications available from the supply base: ISO 9001, ISO 14001, CE marking, UL listing, BIS certification and more.
- Typical minimum order: 1 x 40' HC (≈ 0.35-0.45 MW) (typical).
Product overview
India has built large module capacity, with roughly 45% in Gujarat (Mundra, Surat, Ahmedabad) and more in Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Rajasthan and Karnataka (per research). Module exports were about US$1.97 bn in FY2023-24 and US$782 mn for April-November FY2024-25, about 97% to the USA (MNRE via pv magazine).
Export demand has been driven by the US, but on 11 Sep 2026 the US Department of Commerce made final affirmative anti-dumping and countervailing duty determinations on solar cells from India. Trade press reports combined rates of up to about 249%, with orders expected from early November 2026.
This shifts Indian module exports toward other markets (Europe, Africa, the Middle East) and toward modules whose cell origin falls outside the order. Every US deal now needs a scope review.
HS note: Unassembled cells are 8541.42. Under US trade remedies the country of origin of the cell matters - check scope rulings.
Specifications
| Cell technology | Mono PERC, TOPCon (n-type), HJT; M10 (182 mm) / G12 (210 mm) (typical) |
|---|---|
| Power | 540-620+ Wp for 144/132 half-cut cell formats (typical) |
| Efficiency | 21-23% (typical) |
| Construction | Mono-facial glass-backsheet or bifacial dual-glass (typical) |
| Certification | IEC 61215 / IEC 61730; UL 61730 for US; salt mist IEC 61701, ammonia IEC 62716 (typical) |
| Warranty | 12-15 years product; 25-30 years linear power (typical) |
Typical commercial values. Final specifications are fixed per contract and verified by lab report or pre-shipment inspection.
Grades & variants
Utility-scale
Large-format bifacial dual-glass TOPCon.
C&I rooftop
Mono-facial 540-580 Wp.
Residential
All-black or smaller formats.
Domestic-content
Modules with Indian-made cells (relevant to India's ALMM List-II and some export scopes).
Packaging, MOQ & container loading
| Packing | Sizes | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Pallets | Vertical or horizontal pallets of ~30-36 modules with corner protection | — |
Container load (estimate): 20' GP Not typical · 40' HC ~600-800 modules depending on format (≈ 0.35-0.45 MW of 550-600 W class). Load per manufacturer's packing spec; avoid point loads
Customisation: Private-label OEM modules, frame colours, cable lengths, packaging
Where we source in India
Producing regions and manufacturing clusters our supplier network draws from.
Gujarat
Kutch, Surat, Ahmedabad
Mundra, Surat, Sanand (~45% of capacity)
Tamil Nadu
Kancheepuram, Krishnagiri
Sriperumbudur/Hosur area
Telangana
Hyderabad
Market requirements by region
European Union
CE (LVD/EMC) and IEC certification; the EU Forced Labour Regulation (from Dec 2027) will require supply-chain evidence. India lost EU GSP preferences for 2026-2028 (Implementing Reg. (EU) 2025/1909), so MFN duty applies; the EU-India FTA concluded on 27 Jan 2026 is not yet in force.
United States & Canada
US Commerce issued final affirmative AD/CVD determinations on solar cells from India on 11 Sep 2026 (combined rates reported up to ~249%; orders expected from Nov 2026); modules containing Indian cells are likely in scope. UFLPA supply-chain tracing also applies.
Gulf (GCC)
Large solar build-out, but Chinese supply dominates price; Indian modules compete on diversification. Saudi Arabia: regulated products need a SASO Product Certificate of Conformity plus a per-shipment Shipment Certificate issued through SABER; goods without the SCoC are refused.
Africa
Utility and C&I projects in East and West Africa; Kenya: most regulated goods need a PVoC Certificate of Conformity from a KEBS-appointed inspection agency before shipment. Nigeria: regulated goods need a SONCAP Product Certificate and per-shipment SONCAP Certificate (needed to process Form M).
General guidance, not legal advice. Confirm current requirements with your customs broker or the regulator.
Quality control
- • Factory audit and BOM verification
- • Pre-shipment inspection with EL (electroluminescence) and flash testing
- • Third-party module testing on samples
Certifications available
- • ISO 9001
- • ISO 14001
- • CE marking
- • UL listing
- • BIS certification
- • IEC 61215 / 61730
Held by the producing supplier for the specific lot; copies shared with the quote.
Shipping documents
- • Commercial invoice
- • Packing list
- • Bill of lading / airway bill
- • Certificate of origin (preferential where an FTA applies)
- • IEC/UL certificates
- • Flash test data per module
- • Warranty certificate
- • Supply-chain traceability documents (polysilicon/wafer/cell origin)
Trade data
| Period | Flow | Value (USD mn) | Status | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FY2024-25 | India exportsLine: Solar PV modules/cells | 782 | verified | pv-magazine-india.com |
Top destinations: USA ~97% (756.08 of 782)
Export markets
Frequently asked questions
Can Indian modules still go to the US?
Modules with Indian cells face the new AD/CVD duties from late 2026. Any US sale needs a scope and origin review first.
TOPCon or PERC?
TOPCon (n-type) gives higher efficiency and lower degradation and is replacing PERC in new production.
What certifications do the modules carry?
IEC 61215/61730 as standard; UL 61730 for the US; salt-mist and ammonia tests for coastal and agricultural sites.
Can you do private-label modules?
Yes, OEM modules under your brand from certified lines, subject to certificate transfer or listing.
How many modules fit in a container?
About 600-800 per 40' HC, depending on module size (ESTIMATED).
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